bottleneck machine

1) Техника: станок, определяющий производительность (напр. автоматической линии)

2) Автоматика: станок для обработки (особо) сложных деталей, станок, необходимый для обработки большинства деталей семейства, станок, определяющий производительность (производственной системы)

3) Макаров: станок для обработки особо сложных деталей

1) станок, определяющий производительность ( производственной системы)

2) станок для обработки сложных деталей, станок для обработки особо сложных деталей; станок, необходимый для обработки большинства деталей семейства

1) машина; станок || производить обработку [обрабатывать\] на машине или станке

2) механизм

3) устройство

4) (производственная) установка

5) вычислительная машина; счётная машина; ЭВМ

- overhead way machine

1) Engineering: bottleneck machine (напр. автоматической линии)

2) Automation: bottleneck machine (производственной системы)

Automation: bottleneck machine

1 automatic, mechanical, robot, self-acting.

2 automatic, perfunctory, tic-like.

robot, automaton, automatic machine, mechanical man.

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► nombre masculino

1 automaton

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SM automaton, robot

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masculino automaton

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= robotic.

Ex. The problem persists because the access speed of robotic storage devices continues to be the bottleneck.

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masculino automaton

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automaton, automatic machine ( o device etc)

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autómata nm

1. [robot] automaton, robot

2. Fam [persona] automaton, robot

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m automaton, automatic system

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autómata nm

: automaton

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

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Arkwright was the youngest of thirteen children and was apprenticed to a barber; when he was about 18, he followed this trade in Bol ton. In 1755 he married Patients Holt, who bore him a son before she died, and he remarried in 1761, to Margaret Biggins. He prospered until he took a public house as well as his barber shop and began to lose money. After this failure, he travelled around buying women's hair for wigs.

In the late 1760s he began spinning experiments at Preston. It is not clear how much Arkwright copied earlier inventions or was helped by Thomas Highs and John Kay but in 1768 he left Preston for Nottingham, where, with John Smalley and David Thornley as partners, he took out his first patent. They set up a mill worked by a horse where machine-spun yarn was produced successfully. The essential part of this process lay in drawing out the cotton by rollers before it was twisted by a flyer and wound onto the bobbin. The partners' resources were not sufficient for developing their patent so Arkwright found new partners in Samuel Need and Jedediah Strutt, hosiers of Nottingham and Derby. Much experiment was necessary before they produced satisfactory yarn, and in 1771 a water-driven mill was built at Cromford, where the spinning process was perfected (hence the name "waterframe" was given to his spinning machine); some of this first yarn was used in the hosiery trade. Sales of all-cotton cloth were initially limited because of the high tax on calicoes, but the tax was lowered in 1774 by Act of Parliament, marking the beginning of the phenomenal growth of the cotton industry. In the evidence for this Act, Arkwright claimed that he had spent £12,000 on his machine. Once Arkwright had solved the problem of mechanical spinning, a bottleneck in the preliminary stages would have formed but for another patent taken out in 1775. This covered all preparatory processing, including some ideas not invented by Arkwright, with the result that it was disputed in 1783 and finally annulled in 1785. It contained the "crank and comb" for removing the cotton web off carding engines which was developed at Cromford and solved the difficulty in carding. By this patent, Arkwright had mechanized all the preparatory and spinning processes, and he began to establish water-powered cotton mills even as far away as Scotland. His success encouraged many others to copy him, so he had great difficulty in enforcing his patent Need died in 1781 and the partnership with Strutt ended soon after. Arkwright became very rich and financed other spinning ventures beyond his immediate control, such as that with Samuel Oldknow. It was estimated that 30,000 people were employed in 1785 in establishments using Arkwright's patents. In 1786 he received a knighthood for delivering an address of thanks when an attempt to assassinate George III failed, and the following year he became High Sheriff of Derbyshire. He purchased the manor of Cromford, where he died in 1792.

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1 movement (desplazamiento, corriente).

movimiento obrero working-class movement

2 motion (physics & mechanics).

en movimiento moving, in motion

ponerse en movimiento to start moving

movimiento continuo/de rotación perpetual/rotational motion

movimiento sísmico earth tremor

3 activity.

4 turnover.

movimiento de capital cash flow

5 movement (Music) (parte de la obra).

6 move, forward movement, step in a process.

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► nombre masculino

1 (gen) movement; (técnicamente) motion

2 (de gente, ideas) activity; (de vehículos) traffic

■ en esta ciudad hay mucho movimiento this is a very lively town

3 (artístico, político) movement

4 (financiero) operations plural

■ un extracto de los movimientos de la cuenta a bank statement

5 MÚSICA (parte de la composición) movement; (velocidad de una composición) tempo

6 el Movimiento the Falangist Movement

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en movimiento in motion

movimiento de caja turnover

movimiento sísmico earth tremor

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1) movement

2) motion

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1) (Mec, Fís) movement

- el movimiento se demuestra andando

2) (=desplazamiento) [de persona, animal] movement

3)

4) (Econ, Com) [de cuenta] transaction; [de dinero] movement

5) (=actividad) [en oficina, tribunal] activity; [en aeropuerto, carretera] traffic

6) (=tendencia) movement

7) (Mús) [de compás] tempo; [de sinfonía] movement

8) (Inform)

9) (=jugada) move

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1)

a) (Fís, Tec) motion, movement

b) ( desplazamiento) movement

c) (cambio de postura, posición) movement

- movimiento de rotación

- movimiento de traslación

- movimiento sísmico

2)

a) (traslado - de dinero, bienes) movement; (- de la población) shift

b) (variación, cambio) movement, change

c) (agitación, actividad) activity

3)

a) (corriente, tendencia) movement

b) ( organización) movement

4) ( alzamiento) uprising, rebellion

5) (Mús) ( parte de obra) movement; ( compás) tempo

6) (Jueg) move

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1)

a) (Fís, Tec) motion, movement

b) ( desplazamiento) movement

c) (cambio de postura, posición) movement

- movimiento de rotación

- movimiento de traslación

- movimiento sísmico

2)

a) (traslado - de dinero, bienes) movement; (- de la población) shift

b) (variación, cambio) movement, change

c) (agitación, actividad) activity

3)

a) (corriente, tendencia) movement

b) ( organización) movement

4) ( alzamiento) uprising, rebellion

5) (Mús) ( parte de obra) movement; ( compás) tempo

6) (Jueg) move

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movimiento¹

¹ = flow, motion, move, navigation, shift, stream of traffic, mechanical stress, movement.

movimiento²

² = drive, tide, push, movement.

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1 ( Fís, Tec) motion, movement

un cuerpo en movimiento a body in motion

esto pone el mecanismo en movimiento this sets the mechanism in motion

¿cómo se mantiene en movimiento? how is it kept moving o in motion?

cuando el vehículo está en movimiento when the vehicle is in motion o is moving

se puso en movimiento it started moving

el movimiento de las olas the movement o motion of the waves

2 (desplazamiento) movement

el número de movimientos que se registraron en el puerto the number of vessel movements in the port, the number of ships that entered or left the port

el movimiento migratorio de las aves the migratory movement of birds

ella está siempre en movimiento she's always on the go ( colloq)

tenemos que ponernos en movimiento cuanto antes we have to get moving as soon as possible

el movimiento se demuestra andando actions speak louder than words

3 (cambio de postura, posición) movement

hizo un mal movimiento he turned ( o twisted etc) awkwardly

asintió con un vehemente movimiento de cabeza he nodded (his head) vigorously

un movimiento en falso one false move

el menor movimiento de la mano the slightest movement of the hand

andaba con un ligero movimiento de caderas her hips swayed slightly as she walked

acceleration

perpetual motion

rotation

orbital movement

wave movement o motion

perpetual motion

deceleration

earth tremor

earth tremor

wave movement o motion

1 (traslado — de dinero, bienes) movement; (— de la población) shift

el libre movimiento de capitales/mercancías free movement of capital/goods

2 (variación, cambio) movement, change

habrá poco movimiento en las temperaturas there will be little change in temperatures

los movimientos anómalos en los precios the unusual movements o changes in prices

3 (agitación, actividad) activity

siempre hay mucho movimiento en el puerto there is always a great deal of activity in the port

es una zona de mucho movimiento it's a bustling o a very busy area

hubo poco movimiento ayer en la Bolsa there was little activity on the Stock Market yesterday, the Stock Market was quiet yesterday

1 (corriente, tendencia) movement

el movimiento surrealista/revolucionario the surrealist/revolutionary movement

movimiento literario literary movement

movimiento pictórico school of painting

movimiento separatista/pacifista separatist/pacifist movement

el movimiento de liberación femenina the women's liberation movement

2 (organización) movement

el movimiento pro amnistía the pro-amnesty movement

Movimiento tb Movimiento Nacional ( Hist) single party created by Franco in 1937

D (alzamiento) uprising, rebellion

el día que saltó el movimiento the day the uprising o rebellion began

E ( Mús)

1 (parte de una obra) movement

2 (compás) tempo

F ( Jueg) move

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